A Hypertension and Diabetes Control Among Cardiology Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Quality-Improvement Study Using a Preventive Care Bundle

Background: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus converge frequently in cardiology clinics and amplify the risk of coronary events, heart failure, kidney disease and premature mortality. In Saudi Arabia, rapid epidemiological transition, regional variation in cardiometabolic risk and uneven follow-up capacity have made simultaneous control of blood pressure and glycaemia a central quality issue rather than a narrow prescribing problem. Aim: This review develops a publishable quality-improvement framework for a preventive care bundle designed for cardiology patients in Saudi Arabia who have hypertension, diabetes or both. Objectives: The objectives were to synthesise 2020-2025 evidence, define measurable care gaps, specify bundle components, propose a clinic-level implementation model and identify indicators that can be used for audit, feedback and scale-up. Methods: A structured narrative review was undertaken using recent international guidelines, Saudi national guidance, national statistics and peer-reviewed studies relevant to cardiometabolic prevention, cardiology care and quality improvement. Evidence was organised around burden, guideline-concordant practice, implementation barriers, bundle design and measurement. Findings: Contemporary evidence supports accurate blood-pressure measurement, individualised glycaemic targets, kidney and lipid risk assessment, intensification of cardioprotective therapy, lifestyle counselling, medication adherence support, remote monitoring and multidisciplinary follow-up. A bundle model can reduce clinical inertia by converting separate guideline recommendations into a repeated workflow. Conclusion: A Saudi cardiology preventive care bundle should be simple, auditable and adaptable across tertiary, regional and rural services.