Caregiver’s understanding and their attitude toward youth suicide: A mixed methods approach

Abstract Background: Youth suicide is a global public health concern, particularly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, with a significant impact on the young population. Understanding attitudes toward suicide is crucial. Caregivers play a vital role in shaping these attitudes. This study focuses on assessing the attitudes of caregivers toward youth suicide, recognizing the complex factors contributing to this phenomenon. Methods: A cross-sectional mixed-method study was conducted among caregivers of psychiatric patients in a northern Indian tertiary care hospital. Data from 200 caregivers were collected using a specially designed pro forma and the qualitative and quantitative versions of the Attitude toward Youth Suicide scale. Thematic analysis was employed for qualitative data, and descriptive and inferential statistics for quantitative data. Results: Caregivers identified mental health issues, financial challenges, and interpersonal conflicts as major reasons for youth suicide. Perceptions of gender-based differences in suicide varied, with reasons like substance use for males and societal pressure for females. Increasing awareness, educational programs, and employment opportunities were suggested as preventive measures. There was disagreement regarding the justifiability of suicide (66.5%), and a significant belief that youth with severe illnesses should be helped to die (46.5%). A significant portion of caregivers believed individuals in crisis would likely decline any form of assistance. Conclusion: Caregivers’ attitudes toward youth suicide are multifaceted, influenced by cultural, social, and personal factors. Increasing awareness, educational programs, and fostering open communication are crucial steps in preventing youth suicide.