Targeting Oral Tissue Regeneration With Standardized Centella asiatica Extract: Experimental Insights From Human Fibroblast Cultures

OBJECTIVES: The possible cytotoxic effect of Centella asiatica extract on human dermal fibroblast cells was examined in this cell culture experiment. The main objective was to determine its basic safety for potential use in oral tissue regeneration applications and to assess its biocompatibility in vitro. METHODS: Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium with fetal bovine serum was used to cultivate human dermal fibroblasts. Using the conventional MTT experiment, cell viability was quantitatively evaluated. At concentrations of 5, 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/mL, Centella asiatica extract was applied to cell cultures. A positive cytotoxicity control was Triton X-100, while untreated cells were used as the negative control. To determine dose-response associations (P<0.05), statistical analyses used one-way ANOVA and nonlinear regression. RESULTS: When compared directly to the untreated control group, treatment with Centella asiatica extract did not result in a statistically significant decrease in human fibroblast vitality at any evaluated concentration. In addition, there was no concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect, as validated by nonlinear regression analysis. Up to the highest experimental dose of 200 g/mL, cellular viability remained surprisingly stable and was absolutely noncytotoxic. On the other hand, Triton X-100 significantly reduced overall cell survival. CONCLUSION: At concentrations as high as 200 g/mL, the Centella asiatica extract is completely biocompatible and does not harm healthy human dermal fibroblasts. Its prospective applicability for additional experimental and clinical studies aimed at improving oral soft tissue regeneration and wound healing is strongly supported by the absence of dose-dependent toxicity, confirming its outstanding safety profile.