Effect of Yoga on Immunity in Healthcare Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic – A Pilot Study

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant mental and physical challenges for healthcare professionals (HCPs), leading to increased stress and potential immune dysregulation. Yoga practice, has been suggested to enhance immunity and alleviate stress. This pilot study aimed to assess the impact of yoga intervention on immune markers, stress levels, and quality of life among HCPs actively working during the pandemic. Methodology: A single-center, open label randomized controlled pilot study was conducted at tertiary care centre, with 36 participants. Physicians were randomly assigned to either a yoga intervention group ( n =18) or a control group ( n =18). The intervention included guided online yoga sessions for 12 weeks. Immunological markers (IL-6, IL-12, CRP, INF-gamma, TNF-alpha) were measured using ELISA at baseline and post-intervention. Stress levels and quality of life were assessed using the WHO-BREF questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed Microsoft excel M365 software, employing t -tests. Results: Significant improvements were observed in immune markers, particularly a reduction in IL-12 ( p =0.0165) and CRP ( p =0.001), alongside a marked increase in INF-gamma ( p =0.001) in the yoga group. BMI significantly improved ( p =0.0194), though stress levels and most quality-of-life domains remained unchanged, except for social relationships ( p =0.0279). Correlation analysis suggested a strong relationship between BMI reduction and immune modulation. Conclusion: Yoga intervention demonstrated potential benefits in modulating immunological markers and improving BMI among physicians. While stress reduction was not significant, enhanced social relationships and immune function suggest yoga as a complementary approach for HCPs well-being during high-stress periods. Further large-scale studies are recommended to validate these findings.