Experimental study on energy conversion efficiency of micro-generators based on Halbach array

The Halbach array arrangement optimizes the magnetic field distribution and enhances the conversion efficiency of electromagnetic energy conversion. In this experiment, the Halbach array arrangement was used to design and build a microgenerator system that integrates three parts: brushless motor drive, energy conversion, and high-precision measurement and recording. By innovatively combining field-oriented control (FOC) with an Arduino high-precision acquisition system, real-time precise measurement of mechanical input power and electrical output power was achieved. The influence of ten key factors, including the properties of the magnetic field lines, air gaps, and coils, on energy conversion efficiency was systematically investigated. The performance advantages of the Halbach array in improving energy conversion efficiency were verified. At the optimal parameter combination (air gap 1 mm, strong magnet, 6 coils, load 30 Ω, speed 360 r/min), the energy conversion efficiency reached 83.9%, about 20% higher than the traditional arrangement, providing experimental basis for efficiency optimization design of micro-generators.