Latent profile analysis and influencing factors of self-disclosure in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary heart disease: A cross-sectional study

Self-disclosure influences psychological adjustment and disease management after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary heart disease (CHD), yet most evidence treats post-PCI patients as a homogeneous group. This study aimed to identify latent subgroups of self-disclosure and quantify the demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with subgroup membership. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 270 post-PCI CHD patients in a tertiary hospital in Henan Province, China (April-October 2025). Patients completed the Distress Disclosure Index, Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale for Adults, and shortened Chinese Family Resilience Assessment Scale. Latent profile analysis was performed on the 12 Distress Disclosure Index items in Mplus 8.3. Variables significant in univariable analysis (P < .05) were entered into a multinomial multivariable logistic regression, with the lowest-disclosure profile as the reference. Three profiles were identified: low self-disclosure-difficulty without words (C1, n = 110, 40.74%), medium self-disclosure-emotional internalization (C2, n = 104, 38.52%), and high self-disclosure-lover talk (C3, n = 56, 20.74%); entropy was 0.952 and Nagelkerke pseudo-R2 was 0.621. Compared with C1, lower monthly household income was associated with reduced odds of C2 (income <3000 renminbi: odds ratio [OR] = 0.251, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.089-0.710, P = .009) and especially C3 (OR = 0.014, 95% CI: 0.002-0.088, P < .001). The absence of comorbid chronic conditions increased the odds of C2 (OR = 3.435, 95% CI: 1.211-9.749, P = .020) and C3 (OR = 7.652, 95% CI: 1.753-33.398, P = .007). Higher family resilience was positively associated with both C2 (OR = 1.032, 95% CI: 1.010-1.054, P = .004) and C3 (OR = 1.050, 95% CI: 1.015-1.087, P = .005), whereas higher disease uncertainty reduced the odds of C3 (OR = 0.895, 95% CI: 0.859-0.933, P < .001). Post-PCI CHD patients display 3 distinct self-disclosure profiles, with nearly 4 in 5 exhibiting moderate to low disclosure. Family resilience and disease uncertainty showed the largest associations with profile membership and may represent priority targets for tailored psychological care after PCI.