Convergence of Nekrasov instanton sum with adjoint matter

The Nekrasov instanton partition function of the 4d \mathcal{N}=2^* <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="script">𝒩</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> U(N) <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>U</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> gauge theory (a mass deformation of 4d \mathcal{N}=4 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="script">𝒩</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> super-Yang-Mills theory), which is a generating series of equivariant integrals over instanton moduli spaces, is given by a sum over colored partitions weighted by a counting parameter q <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:math> . This note proves convergence of the series in the unit disk |q|&lt;1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">|</mml:mo> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">|</mml:mo> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for generic parameters. Specifically, the absolute convergence radius of this sum is determined, assuming that mass and Coulomb branch parameters avoid some lattice. If the ratio b^2=\epsilon_1/\epsilon_2 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>ϵ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>ϵ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> of equivariant parameters is in {\mathbb{C}\setminus[0,+∞)} <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">ℂ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>\</mml:mo> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">[</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>+</mml:mi> <mml:mi>∞</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , the radius is 1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:math> , as expected. If b^2 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> is non-negative, three cases arise: the radius is finite if b^2 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> has finite exponential type (a generalization of Brjuno numbers), namely there exists C&gt;0 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> such that |b^2-p/q|&gt;\exp(-Cq) <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">|</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">|</mml:mo> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">exp</mml:mi> <mml:mo>⁡</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>−</mml:mi> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for all integers p,q≠ 0 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http:/

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SciPost Physics Core
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2026-06-25
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https://doi.org/10.21468/scipostphyscore.9.2.038
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Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
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article

Convergence of Nekrasov instanton sum with adjoint matter

Bruno Le Floch
SciPost Physics Core
Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
article

Convergence of Nekrasov instanton sum with adjoint matter

Bruno Le Floch
article en

Abstract

The Nekrasov instanton partition function of the 4d \mathcal{N}=2^* <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="script">𝒩</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>*</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> U(N) <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>U</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> gauge theory (a mass deformation of 4d \mathcal{N}=4 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="script">𝒩</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> super-Yang-Mills theory), which is a generating series of equivariant integrals over instanton moduli spaces, is given by a sum over colored partitions weighted by a counting parameter q <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:math> . This note proves convergence of the series in the unit disk |q|&lt;1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">|</mml:mo> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">|</mml:mo> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for generic parameters. Specifically, the absolute convergence radius of this sum is determined, assuming that mass and Coulomb branch parameters avoid some lattice. If the ratio b^2=\epsilon_1/\epsilon_2 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>ϵ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>ϵ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> of equivariant parameters is in {\mathbb{C}\setminus[0,+∞)} <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">ℂ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>\</mml:mo> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">[</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>+</mml:mi> <mml:mi>∞</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , the radius is 1 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:math> , as expected. If b^2 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> is non-negative, three cases arise: the radius is finite if b^2 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:math> has finite exponential type (a generalization of Brjuno numbers), namely there exists C&gt;0 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> such that |b^2-p/q|&gt;\exp(-Cq) <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">|</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">|</mml:mo> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">exp</mml:mi> <mml:mo>⁡</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="prefix">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>−</mml:mi> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false" form="postfix">)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for all integers p,q≠ 0 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http:/

SciPost Physics CoreVol. 9(2)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies (FR)
Openalex Percentile: Top 7%
Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
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