Evolving Landscape of Immunotherapy in Melanoma

Cutaneous melanoma management has been revolutionized by immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, first approved for melanoma in 2011, have become a mainstay in melanoma management. More recently, tumor infiltrating lymphocyte therapy has represented an exciting addition to our immunotherapeutic armamentarium against melanoma. Immunotherapy has improved relapse-free survival in patients with high-risk localized melanoma and overall survival in patients with metastatic disease to the order of years from historic prognoses of just months. Despite these advancements, not every patient benefits, highlighting the need for continued innovation and refinement of melanoma treatment. This review provides an overview of our approach to managing localized and metastatic melanoma, highlighting key data supporting our decision making. We also highlight ongoing trials poised to shape the future of melanoma care in the coming years.