Optimization of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Seedling Growth in the Main Nursery Through the Integrated Application of Urea Fertilizer and Cow Urine-Based Liquid Organic Fertilizer

The study entitled Optimization of Oil Palm Seedling Growth in the Main Nursery Through the Integrated Application of Urea Fertilizer and Cow Urine-Based Liquid Organic Fertilizer was conducted in Koto Panjang Village, Koto Tangah District, Padang City, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The aim of this study was to obtain the best dose of urea and cow urine LOF for the growth of oil palm seedlings. The experiment employed a Completely Randomized Design consisting of five treatments and five replications. The treatments were: A = 0 g urea + 0 mL L⁻¹ cow urine LOF; B = 10 g urea + 200 mL L⁻¹ cow urine LOF; C = 20 g urea + 150 mL L⁻¹ cow urine LOF; D = 30 g urea + 100 mL L⁻¹ cow urine LOF; and E = 40 g urea + 50 mL L⁻¹ cow urine LOF. The collected data were subjected to analysis using the F-test. Significant differences among treatments were further evaluated using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test at the 5% significance level. The results showed highly significant effects on plant height increment and shoot fresh weight, significant effects on shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh weight, and root dry weight, while no significant effects were observed on leaf number increment and stem diameter. Economically, the most efficient treatment was the application of 10 g urea + 200 mL L⁻¹ cow urine LOF, which produced the best overall growth performance of oil palm seedlings in the main nursery stage.