Navigating dual roles: hybrid entrepreneurship adoption in startup enterprises across incubators in Iran

In recent years, Iran’s economy—particularly in Fars Province—has faced significant challenges, including high unemployment among educated youth and limited income opportunities in the public sector. Hybrid entrepreneurship, which integrates both economic and social objectives, has emerged as a promising approach for generating societal value and promoting sustainable development. This study investigates the factors influencing the adoption of hybrid entrepreneurship within startup enterprises located in incubators across various counties of Fars Province, Iran. Using a descriptive survey method, data were collected from a random sample of 106 experts and specialized staff with academic and practical experience in hybrid entrepreneurship. Validated instruments were employed, and data were analyzed using SPSS26 and SmartPLS3 software. The findings reveal that hybrid entrepreneurial adoption is significantly influenced by self-efficacy, hybrid entrepreneurial motivation, market feasibility, job promotion, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness of modern technologies. These factors collectively shape entrepreneurial intention and decision-making processes, thereby increasing the likelihood of successful venture creation. Additionally, the techno-industry nexus enhances innovation capabilities and supports sustainable economic growth, particularly within startup ecosystems. This research underscores hybrid entrepreneurship as a strategic solution to mitigate unemployment and income instability in Iran’s challenging economic context. The study recommends that policymakers and organizational leaders implement comprehensive strategies—including tailored training programs, supportive financial policies, and strengthened collaboration networks—to foster hybrid entrepreneurship among startups. Such measures can empower individuals to leverage their expertise to create ventures that address both environmental and economic needs, ultimately contributing to community well-being and sustainable development through the growth of startup enterprises.