Collective Solidarity and Organizational Models in Agricultural Production: A Socioeconomic Comparison

The Turks, a Turanian nation, have made significant contributions to the historical development of the economy and agricultural activities. Living as nomads in the harsh conditions of the steppe, the Turks passed on their collective experience and organizational skills in agriculture and economic activities to other nations and neighboring cultures. The Turks’ military successes were largely shaped by the organizational skills they developed in this process, their collective consciousness, and their tradesmen and trade-based organizations. The best example of this is the Akhism understanding. However, a common misconception about the Akhism in Turkey is the belief that it is merely a system of Fütüvvet and Islamic values. The Turks integrated their pre-existing monotheistic beliefs and their customs, traditions, and customary laws with Islam. Therefore, the Turkish contribution to the Akhism organization should not be overlooked, and the Akhism system should be recognized as a system of values that synthesizes Turkish and Islamic values. On the other hand, while collective socialist production models that minimize individualism and eliminate private property, Chinese people's commune models, and collective models originating from religious Zionism have been successful, they have not been able to last very long because they transformed into a different version of the Papacy and medieval Christian philosophy. This study aims to methodologically investigate the effects and contributions of Turkish culture to collective life, agricultural production, women, and social organizations, and to examine its implications for other models. Methodologically, the comparisons necessitated the use of a comparative model. Due to the losses in written sources caused by the Mongol invasions and the Crusades, the aim was to draw conclusions by utilizing evidence that supports each other.