Corrosion and Passivation: An Intimate Struggle for Durable Non‐Aqueous Multivalent Metal Batteries

ABSTRACT Driven by the demand for safe, affordable, sustainable, and high‐performance energy storage, research into non‐aqueous multivalent metal batteries (MMBs) has intensified. Despite decades of investigation, their commercial viability remains constrained by persistent interfacial challenges—specifically corrosion and passivation at multivalent metal anodes and metallic current collectors. To date, no comprehensive review has systematically discussed the underlying failure mechanisms across diverse MMB chemistries. Here, we present the first review dedicated exclusively to corrosion and passivation in non‐aqueous MMBs. By elucidating the underlying electrochemical and chemical processes, we define the distinct interfacial requirements for ideal multivalent anodes and current collectors, which are fundamentally governed by their thermodynamic redox potentials and electrolyte‐dependent passivation behaviors. By mapping unresolved challenges across Al‐, Mg‐ and Ca‐based systems, we establish design principles for next‐generation interfaces. This review fills a critical knowledge gap and offers a unified framework for rational interfacial engineering, thereby accelerating the realization of durable high‐performance non‐aqueous MMBs.