Understanding stakeholder preferences for autonomous delivery robots in small communities: A study from Veberöd, Sweden

Autonomous Delivery Robots (ADR) are increasingly presented as a way to address persistent last-mile logistics challenges. Existing research, however, often examines ADR adoption from the perspective of single stakeholder groups, overlooking how these viewpoints interact. Considering these perspectives together is crucial for developing shared understanding and solutions that different actors can support. This study contributes to ADR research by examining the perceptions of multiple stakeholder groups and identifying factors that shape a functional and socially accepted future delivery system. In connection with a live ADR test in the village of Veberöd, Sweden, we conducted a scenario-based multi-actor–multi-criteria analysis (MAMCA). Stakeholders expressed preferences for autonomous delivery options capable of handling high shipment volumes and diverse goods. Beyond operational capacity, they emphasised context-specific value, including support for the local economy, strengthened social ties, and reduced environmental impacts. These preferences underscore the importance of a collective perspective when introducing innovations in smaller communities. The focus on local values reframes ADR implementation from a purely commercial decision to a socio-technical challenge shaped by shared perceptions of safety, usefulness, and community benefit.