Endometrial receptivity in patients of reproductive age before and after unilateral adnexectomy for mature ovarian teratoma

Currently, there is an increase in benign ovarian tumors, which negatively affect the fertility potential of women and cause infertility. It is relevant to study the morpho-functional state of the endometrial pattern in women with benign ovarian tumors, leading to a violation of its receptivity and, consequently, to a decrease in reproductive capabilities (the probability of successful implantation of the embryo). Adnexectomy in clinical practice is often necessary due to the lack of intact ovarian tissue. Objective. To determine the morpho-functional features of the endometrial pattern in patients of reproductive age with mature teratoma before and after unilateral adnexectomy based on the analysis of the maturity of pinopodia, the level of expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the endometrium. Material and methods. The study included 51 patients of reproductive age with benign ovarian germ cell tumor — mature teratoma. Before and 6, 12 months after unilateral adnexectomy, aspiration biopsy of the endometrium was performed during the supposed “implantation window”. The qualitative and quantitative parameters of pinopodia maturity were studied, the expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors in the uterine glands and endometrial stroma were studied. Results. In patients of late fertile period, both preoperatively and postoperatively, a decrease in the number of developed pinopodia, decreased expression of ER in the stroma, PR in the stroma and glands was found. When analyzing data in patients of middle reproductive age before surgery, no statistically significant changes were noted. After surgical treatment, a transient increase in PR expression in the stromal component was noted, an increase in the number of developed and developing pinopodia was recorded. Conclusion. The presence of a mature teratoma of ovary and late reproductive age explains the morpho-functional changes in the endometrium and receptivity disorders at the preoperative stage.