A Comprehensive Survey on Online AutoML and Adversarial Robustness for IoT and EV Charging Network Security

The increasing deployment of IoT-enabled electric-vehicle charging networks has created a rapidly evolving cyber–physical environment in which security mechanisms must operate amid ever-changing data patterns and resource constraints. In these environments, static Machine Learning (ML) pipelines are often insufficient because they struggle to adapt to concept drift issues, emerging attacks, and real-time operational requirements. We analyzed cybersecurity vulnerabilities, challenges of conventional ML approaches, and the possibilities of AI-powered, adaptive security measures. This paper examines Online AutoML and its advantages, including automated adaptation to streaming data, reduced human intervention, and privacy-preserving, resource-aware learning. Furthermore, this paper discusses adversarial attacks and defences in Online AutoML systems, highlighting the need for frameworks that jointly address concept drift, scalability, privacy, and adversarial threats. Finally, this study emphasizes the importance of establishing comprehensive public benchmarks for Online AutoML research.