Technological solutions for multiple sclerosis: a scoping review

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects nearly 3 million people worldwide. It can lead to cognitive impairment, physical disability, and a reduced quality of life. Technological innovations have demonstrated significant potential in supporting individuals living with chronic conditions, including MS. PURPOSE: This study aims to synthesize existing evidence on technological solutions designed to support people with MS across various aspects of disease management and daily living. METHODS: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS: Forty-nine studies were included. These studies investigated a wide range of technologies, such as mobile applications, websites, video games, wearables, and virtual reality, used to support individuals with MS in several domains, including fatigue, cognition, mental health, motor function, physical activity, medication and treatment adherence, and communication and decision-making. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the growing role of technological solutions in supporting assessment, self- management, health literacy, and telerehabilitation for people with MS. Continued research is essential to enhance the development, adoption, and long-term effectiveness of these technologies in promoting sustainable self-management of the condition.