Shifting Patterns of Individual Donations in State Supreme Court Elections

Abstract State judicial elections in the United States have become increasingly expensive, raising concerns about the influence of campaign contributions on judicial impartiality. This study examines individual donations – specifically from attorneys, non-attorneys, and business donors – in state supreme court elections from 2000 to 2023. The analysis reveals that attorneys predominantly support candidates with judicial experience and Democratic affiliation, while non-attorneys and business donors favor Republican candidates and high-profile races. These patterns underscore distinct motivations among donor groups and offer insights into the evolving dynamics of judicial campaign finance.