Therapeutic effects of coffee and its byproducts on infectious diseases in poultry: A systematic review

Coffee, an abundant source of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, caffeine, and chlorogenic acid, has been the subject of extensive study due to its impact on animal health and agro-industrial sustainability. Its components combat pathogen proliferation and improve intestinal health, critical factors linked to productive performance in intensive livestock farming. Supported by artificial intelligence to ensure an objective and comprehensive synthesis of evidence, this study offers a review of the scientific literature highlighting the impact of coffee and its derivatives on the prevention and control of infectious diseases in poultry. The systematic literature search was examined and aggregated using AIReviewer, a validated natural language processing (NLP) tool, which minimized selection bias during the analysis. Various studies demonstrate that coffee husks and other processed byproducts act as potent phytogenic agents that regulate intestinal microbiota and prevent conditions such as coccidiosis by enhancing the bird's antioxidant defenses. These antimicrobial and modulating properties promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, positioning these residues as an effective natural alternative to conventional antibiotics. In conclusion, coffee and its derivative products, including upcycled by products, represent a promising avenue for developing nutritional strategies aimed at improving poultry health and productivity. Their implementation offers a technical and ecological alternative that contributes to welfare in modern animal production, showing competitive performance against other additives.