Thermal performance of Casson hybrid nanofluid over expanding/contracting wedges with joule dissipation: a Falkner–Skan problem

The present investigation explores the heat-transfer attributes and fluid-flow properties of Casson hybrid nanofluid comprising of Cobalt and gold nanoparticles in the base liquid paraffin over an expanding/contracting surface using the Falkner-Skan model. The combination of the applied magnetic field, thermal radiation, and magnetic dissipation improves flow properties and thermal flow attributes. The augmented thermal efficacy of the hybrid nanofluid synergistically amplifies the heat transfer performance of the Casson fluid framework., which accounts for the non-Newtonian behaviour of the fluid, including radiation that augments the heat transfer near the wedge surface, whereas Joule dissipation introduces heat generation. The mathematical model presented for the proposed assumptions is transformed into dimensionless form utilizing transformation rules and then solved numerically, adopting the shooting method and integrating the Runge-Kutta fourth-order technique. The significant characteristics of several factors are presented graphically and elaborated briefly. It is noted that the non-Newtonian rheological characteristic of the fluid retards the thickness of the velocity bounding surface, and the enhanced Casson parameter favours augmenting the heat transfer rate. This enhancement is greater for the bi-hybrid nanofluid compared to the single nanofluid.