DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECTS OF MULTICOMPONENT VIVIFRAIL TRAINING AND <i>SENAM LANSIA</i> ON PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE AND FALL RISK IN PRE-FRAIL ELDERLY

Pre-frailty is a condition where individuals experience early signs of frailty. Frailty is a geriatric syndrome associated with falls and reduced physical performance, which will impact the health and well-being of the elderly population. To mitigate the harmful effects, the WHO recommends Vivifrail, a multicomponent exercise that is effective in preventing frailty. In Indonesia, the most common program for the elderly community is Senam Lansia (elderly exercise). No studies have compared the effects of these two exercises on the pre-frail elderly community. This study aims to assess differences between Vivifrail training and Senam Lansia on physical performance and fall risk, particularly in pre-frail elderly in the community. This study conducted a randomized controlled trial on 27 pre-frail elderly individuals at Posyandu Lansia (Elderly Integrated Health Service) of Randusari Village, Semarang. This study classified the participants into two groups: intervention (n = 14, Vivifrail wheel C) and control (n = 13, Senam Lansia). The program lasted 4 weeks. In the intervention group, Vivifrail comprised aerobic walking five times/week, strengthening, balance, and flexibility exercises three times/week. In the control group, Senam Lansia was performed three times/week. Physical performance was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and fall risk using TUG, both before and after the intervention. In each domain of the SPPB, this study observed no significant change in balance in both groups (p = 0.317; p = 0.083). Walking speed improved significantly in both groups (p <0.001; p = 0.014), as did sit-to-stand (p = 0.00; p = 0.001). However, intergroup difference was not significant (p = 0.057). Total SPPB scores increased more significantly in the intervention group (p = 0.001). In contrast, the mean of TUG score significantly decreased in both groups (p = 0.001; p = 0.001), with a greater reduction in the intervention group (p <0.001). These findings indicate that Vivifrail multicomponent exercise shows a statistically significant increase in physical performance and a statistically significant reduction in fall risk compared to Senam Lansia among pre-frail elderly community.