Evaluation and improvement issues of ecological condition of oasis landscapes of Khorezm Province, Uzbekistan

This study investigates the ecological condition and improvement challenges of the oasis landscapes in Khorezm Province, Uzbekistan. Oasis regions, essential for agriculture and biodiversity in arid areas, face severe environmental degradation due to intensive land use, water scarcity, and soil salinization. Using field data, remote sensing, and GIS analyses, we evaluated trends in land use and land cover (LULC), soil quality, and water characteristics over three decades to understand the impacts of agricultural expansion on this fragile ecosystem. Results indicate significant shifts from natural vegetation to agriculture, coupled with widespread soil salinization and variable water quality, threatening both agricultural productivity and ecological sustainability. The degradation index highlights a progressive decline in environmental health, underscoring the need for targeted interventions. To address these issues, sustainable practices such as precision irrigation, salinity-tolerant crops, and integrated land and water management are recommended. The study provides actionable insights for policymakers to design adaptive strategies that balance economic needs with environmental preservation. By focusing on Khorezm’s unique challenges, this research contributes to a broader understanding of oasis ecosystem management, offering strategies for similar arid regions worldwide.