Platelet-membrane-coated photosynthetic oxygen production system for diabetic wound repair

Oxygen is essential for cellular metabolism and bioenergy production, and insufficient oxygen supply is a hallmark of multiple pathological conditions, including diabetic foot ulcers and impaired wound healing. Persistent hypoxia severely compromises tissue regeneration, making these wounds particularly difficult to treat. Here, we developed platelet-membrane (PM)-coated nanothylakoid units (NTU@PMs) for targeted oxygen delivery to hypoxic cells, particularly macrophages involved in wound repair. Under light illumination, NTU@PMs efficiently generated oxygen, alleviated macrophage hypoxia, reprogrammed macrophage metabolism, and promoted macrophage migration and phagocytosis. In diabetic wound and flap mouse models, NTU@PMs alleviated wound hypoxia and accelerated tissue repair. These findings identify NTU@PMs as a promising strategy for the treatment of diabetic wounds and potentially other hypoxia-associated disorders.