Age- and Sex-specific Prevalence, Longitudinal Trends and Factors of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Stages among Chinese Adults

Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome is uncharacterized in Chinese adults across ages, including centenarians. From three cohorts, age- and sex-standardized CKM prevalence showed nearly 90% stage≥1 and >18% advanced. Prevalence rose with age; advanced CKM reached 100% in male centenarians. Age, sex, smoking, and BMI were risk factors for advanced CKM, with faster male progression. These findings highlight growing disease burden in China's aging population and inform future CKM prevention.