Developing strategies to enhance sustainable urban stormwater management: the case of Dambi Dollo Town, Kellem Wollega Zone, Ethiopia

Sustainable urban stormwater management integrates the urban water cycle into planning and design processes to improve resilience and environmental performance. This study develops strategies to promote sustainable stormwater management across multiple spatial scales, from individual plots and building blocks to neighborhoods and entire urban catchments. An exploratory mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data were obtained through field observations and questionnaire surveys to assess stormwater runoff patterns, land use characteristics, and drainage infrastructure conditions. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with municipal officials, planners, and residents, supported by document analysis of relevant policies and plans. In addition, GIS and design tools were used to support the visualization and conceptual development of proposed strategies. The findings indicate that existing stormwater management practices in Dambi Dollo town are largely ineffective, relying on short-term and reactive measures rather than integrated, long-term solutions. Key challenges include institutional gaps, particularly the absence of stormwater-specific policies; technical limitations, such as a shortage of skilled professionals; and social barriers, including limited community awareness of stormwater and solid waste management. Field observations further reveal infrastructural deficiencies, including inadequate drainage systems and insufficient green spaces, which exacerbate runoff and flooding risks. The study proposes a set of sustainable urban stormwater management strategies applicable to both developed and redeveloping areas, emphasizing green infrastructure, multi-scale interventions, and stakeholder engagement. These strategies provide a practical framework for enhancing urban resilience and environmental sustainability in resource-constrained settings.