Application of the Generalized Maxwell Model for Single-Kernel Relaxation Experiments—Part 1: Effect of Wheat Type and Moisture Content

This study aimed to characterize the stress relaxation of wheat kernels of different hardness and varying moisture contents using generalized Maxwell models with three, five, and seven elements. Single-kernel stress relaxation tests were conducted under controlled axial compression to obtain force decay data, which were fitted using non-linear regression to estimate model constants. Positive correlations between kernel moisture content and Maxwell constants were observed, indicating greater magnitude of force decay and higher relaxation rates at higher moisture levels, while the residual force decreased. Significant differences in viscoelastic parameters were also found between hard and soft wheat varieties.