Mechanical properties of concrete reinforced with Elaeis Guineensis midrib fibres

The use of natural fibres in concrete manufacturing has garnered global attention as sustainable building materials are sought after to enhance performance, mitigate resource depletion, and minimise environmental impacts. This research investigates the physical and mechanical behaviours of Elaeis Guineensis midrib fibres (EGMF)-based concrete, comparing untreated and treated EGMF variants. EGMF samples were treated with 1–5% of Ca(OH) 2 solution at 1% increments for 6, 12, and 24 h, and the tensile strengths were examined. Physical (slump) and mechanical (compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, bond, and rupture modulus) tests were conducted on 20 MPa characteristic strength, with EGMF replacing the total concrete volume at 0.5-2%, and tested after curing for 7, 28, and 56 days. The results demonstrated an optimum tensile strength for EGMF at 4% and 24 h of Ca(OH) 2 solution and treatment. The slump decreased by 1–5% as EGMF dosages increased from 0 to 2%. Incorporating treated EGMF enhances the compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths of concrete at optimum contents of 0.5%, 0.5%, and 1%. After 28 days of curing, the bond strength and slab’s modulus of rupture of treated EGMF-based concrete outperformed those of untreated EGMF by 25.93% and 9.79%. Hence, the use of treated EGMF as reinforcement in concrete manufacturing enhances its mechanical properties, promoting the production of high-quality concrete and facilitating sustainable, cleaner production.