N‐SDM 2.0: a reengineered software with extended features for nested species distribution modelling

Species distribution models (SDMs) are central tools for predicting and forecasting how species respond to environmental changes, yet their reliability depends on accurately capturing ecological processes across spatial scales while accounting for uneven data availability and resolution. Models calibrated over spatially restricted extents are often prone to truncating species' niches, whereas broad‐scale models typically rely on coarse datasets that overlook fine‐scale habitat constraints. The spatially nested SDM (N‐SDM) approach addresses this challenge by combining global‐ and regional‐level models to couple large‐scale drivers with detailed, high‐resolution environmental data. Here, we present N‐SDM 2.0, a reengineered and extended successor to the original N‐SDM software – the first end‐to‐end high‐performance computing platform for spatially nested species distribution modelling. The new version offers improved usability and modularity, along with an extended range of modelling features, while maintaining continuity for users of the previous release. New modelling features include additional nesting methods, background‐point generation strategies, and cross‐validation options. These developments are complemented by an improved workflow architecture, a refined settings system, streamlined data‐preparation steps, and greater control over data usage across spatial levels as well as error handling. N‐SDM 2.0 is designed for flexible integration into heterogeneous high‐performance computing environments, supporting large‐extent and high‐resolution biodiversity forecasting across an extensive number of species and projection scenarios. Beyond pure technical advances, N‐SDM 2.0 strengthens the conceptual foundation of spatially nested species distribution modelling, introducing new features that form an open and scalable framework for mapping species distributions and robustly projecting their responses to global environmental changes.