Histopathologically Confirmed Rudimentary Oral Cavity With Ectopic Mouth-Like Appearance in Unilateral Mandibular Duplication

Mandibular duplication associated with ectopic oral cavity formation represents an extremely rare and poorly defined entity within the spectrum of craniofacial duplication anomalies. A 5-year-old male patient presented with a congenital, painless, mouth-like lesion located in the mandibular region. Clinical examination revealed a pedunculated, superficially located structure without anatomic or functional continuity with the native oral cavity. Due to resource-limited conditions, advanced imaging modalities could not be performed. Histopathological examination demonstrated an organized tissue architecture composed of stratified squamous epithelium, skeletal muscle bundles, minor salivary glands, and focal areas suggestive of a tooth-related structure. No evidence of dysplasia or malignancy was observed. Postoperative follow-up showed no recurrence or functional impairment. This case represents a rare variant of mandibular duplication characterized by clinical isolation but histopathologic organization, highlighting the importance of clinicopathologic correlation. Furthermore, it demonstrates that safe and effective management can be achieved through careful clinical evaluation and appropriate surgical planning, even in resource-limited settings.