The in-stream renewable energy potential of rivers for remote communities in the global Arctic

Many Arctic communities rely on diesel-generated electricity, resulting in high costs, environmental impacts, and limited development opportunities. Hydrokinetic energy (HKE), which generates power from flowing water without dams, offers a lower-impact renewable energy alternative to conventional hydropower. Here we identify feasible Arctic communities with suitable river conditions for HKE development and highlight regions with the greatest potential. Using a detailed case study of the Iqaluit Kuunga River in Nunavut, Canada, alongside a global assessment, we identify 325 Arctic communities suitable for HKE deployment. These sites represent a theoretical energy potential of 4,626 megawatt-hours per square metre of turbine area annually under open water conditions. Feasibility varies with the local resource availability, proximity to river sites, and projected diesel offset. Together, these results highlight the potential for HKE to support cleaner, community-based energy systems, and the datasets provide a foundation for targeted renewable energy transitions in Arctic communities.