CACA technical guidelines for ultrasound imaging diagnosis of thyroid tumors

Abstract This guideline provides a comprehensive overview of the integrative management protocols for ultrasound imaging of thyroid tumors, addressing indications, operational methods, reporting content, and advanced imaging techniques. It outlines the primary indications for thyroid ultrasound, such as evaluating thyroid enlargement or atrophy and assessing nodule characteristics and quantity. The examination method emphasizes the use of a high-frequency linear-array probe (9–16 MHz) and details patient positioning, scanning planes, and measurement standards. The content covers thyroid morphology, nodule location, echo features, lymph node status, and blood flow. Additionally, the guideline introduces the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) classification criteria and management principles for stratifying the malignant risk of nodules, along with guidance on fine-needle aspiration biopsy decisions. It also includes key technical points, indications, and limitations of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and ultrasound elastography, as well as operational procedures, indications, and complication management for ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Overall, this guideline aims to enhance the standardization and precision in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules by providing integrated technical guidance for ultrasound diagnosis, risk assessment, and clinical management of thyroid tumors.