DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF LOZENGES FOR MOUTH ULCER

dissolve slowly in the oral cavity, providing both local and systemic therapeutic effects. Historically utilized since the 20th century, lozenges remain an important and commercially viable drug delivery system due to their patient-friendly nature and ease of administration. This review highlights the formulation, evaluation, and applications of lozenges, emphasizing their versatility in incorporating a wide range of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Various types of lozenges, including hard candy lozenges, soft lozenges, and compressed tablet lozenges, are discussed along with their respective methods of preparation. The selection of excipients such as flavoring agents, sweeteners, and preservatives is critically reviewed to ensure palatability and stability. In addition, key evaluation parameters, quality control tests, packaging considerations, storage conditions, and dispensing practices are comprehensively covered. The advantages of lozenges, such as improved patient compliance, prolonged drug action, and targeted delivery, are examined alongside their limitations. Furthermore, examples of marketed formulations are presented to provide practical insights. Overall, lozenges demonstrate significant potential as an effective and innovative drug delivery system, with promising future prospects for both local and systemic therapies.