DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF A HERBAL HYDROGEL PATCH OF NEEM AND TURMERIC FOR TOPICAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY

Transdermal patches offer a non-invasive and patient-friendly alternative to traditional drug delivery routes, by delivering a controlled dose of medication through the skin into the bloodstream. Major innovations include dissolvable and biodegradable patches, systems with enhanced drug loading and release, microneedle-based platforms, and 3D- printed patches capable of delivering a wider range of therapeutics such as biologics. The paper highlights how these emerging technologies aim to overcome limitations such as poor skin barrier permeability, first-pass metabolism, and the need for frequent dosing. The review concludes with a discussion of future challenges and opportunities in designing next- generation transdermal patches that are smarter, more adaptable and capable of delivering complex therapies.