Predicting the Properties of Construction Concrete Modified with a Nanopreparation and Containing E-Waste Plastic

This study addresses the pressing issue of utilising plastic from electronic waste as a filler to replace mineral sand. Currently, the use of plastic in construction concrete is limited due to a significant deterioration in the mechanical properties of modified concrete when plastic filler is added at levels exceeding 15–20%. As a result of the research, it was established that the addition of a nano-preparation—fullerene—in amounts as low as 0.001% significantly improves the mechanical properties of concrete with plastic aggregate. Replacing 50% of the mineral aggregate with plastic aggregate, combined with the addition of fullerene at a concentration of 0.01% of the mixing water mass, more than doubles the mechanical properties of the concrete compared to concrete without the nano-additive, with compressive strength increasing by 65.2%, from 16.33 MPa to 26.97 MPa. The impact strength and freeze–thaw resistance of the concrete were also significantly increased. This makes it possible to use concrete with a high plastic aggregate content of up to 50% without a significant reduction in mechanical properties. The use of machine learning and AI data processing methods such as AdaBoost and Random Forest allows for highly accurate prediction of the characteristics of the resulting materials, with a coefficient of determination (R2) for the resulting models close to 1.