Perylene Diimide‐Derived Bis(Macrocyclic) Ligand Affords Chiral Multinuclear Pd(II) Complexes via Direct Bay‐Region Palladation

ABSTRACT Macrocyclic ligands provide powerful access to structurally defined multi‐metallic architectures, yet direct π‐core metalation of imide‐functionalized polycyclic aromatic dyes remains difficult to control. Herein, we present the design and synthesis of a new nitrogen‐rich bis(macrocyclic) ligand ( 1 ) based on a perylene diimide (PDI) scaffold. Coordination of Pd(II) to this ligand triggers direct C─H palladation at the bay region of the PDI, yielding two distinct complexes—a bis‑Pd and a tetra‑Pd species ( 1‐Pd 2 and 1‐Pd 4 )—each featuring asymmetrically coordinated, bridged Pd centers within the macrocyclic cavities. Furthermore, palladation distorts the PDI core and induces conformational chirality in the macrocyclic framework. Ultrafast transient absorption measurements further reveal systematic changes in the excited‐state response across the series. In addition, OTTLE spectroelectrochemical studies show that direct palladation creates strongly redox‐responsive low‐energy optical states, with markedly enhanced near‐IR absorption in the reduced Pd complexes. This work provides a feasible synthetic route for the direct metalation of perylene diimide dyes, enabling strong dye‐metal electronic coupling and establishing such chiral multinuclear complexes as functionally tunable multi‐metallic π‐systems.

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Publication Details

Journal
Angewandte Chemie
Published
2026-06-13
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.8176990
Primary Topic
Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds
Type
article
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article

Perylene Diimide‐Derived Bis(Macrocyclic) Ligand Affords Chiral Multinuclear Pd(II) Complexes via Direct Bay‐Region Palladation

Jiaying Yan, Piotr J. Chmielewski, He‐Ye Zhou, Yue Wang et al.
Angewandte Chemie
Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds
article

Perylene Diimide‐Derived Bis(Macrocyclic) Ligand Affords Chiral Multinuclear Pd(II) Complexes via Direct Bay‐Region Palladation

Jiaying Yan, Piotr J. Chmielewski, He‐Ye Zhou, Yue Wang, Shasha Yan, Frank Würthner, Bin Liu, Huaxi He
article en

Abstract

ABSTRACT Macrocyclic ligands provide powerful access to structurally defined multi‐metallic architectures, yet direct π‐core metalation of imide‐functionalized polycyclic aromatic dyes remains difficult to control. Herein, we present the design and synthesis of a new nitrogen‐rich bis(macrocyclic) ligand ( 1 ) based on a perylene diimide (PDI) scaffold. Coordination of Pd(II) to this ligand triggers direct C─H palladation at the bay region of the PDI, yielding two distinct complexes—a bis‑Pd and a tetra‑Pd species ( 1‐Pd 2 and 1‐Pd 4 )—each featuring asymmetrically coordinated, bridged Pd centers within the macrocyclic cavities. Furthermore, palladation distorts the PDI core and induces conformational chirality in the macrocyclic framework. Ultrafast transient absorption measurements further reveal systematic changes in the excited‐state response across the series. In addition, OTTLE spectroelectrochemical studies show that direct palladation creates strongly redox‐responsive low‐energy optical states, with markedly enhanced near‐IR absorption in the reduced Pd complexes. This work provides a feasible synthetic route for the direct metalation of perylene diimide dyes, enabling strong dye‐metal electronic coupling and establishing such chiral multinuclear complexes as functionally tunable multi‐metallic π‐systems.

Angewandte Chemie
China Three Gorges University (CN), University of Wrocław (PL), University of Würzburg (DE)
Affordable and clean energy
Openalex Percentile: Top 11%
Synthesis and Properties of Aromatic Compounds
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Perylene Diimide‐Derived Bis(Macrocyclic) Ligand Affords Chiral Multinuclear Pd(II) Complexes via Direct Bay‐Region Palladation — Jiaying Yan, Piotr J. Chmielewski, et al. · Angewandte Chemie (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS