Gender in tourism participation: a latent class analysis

This study examines tourism participation among individuals living in France, moving beyond binary gender comparisons to identify differentiated participation profiles using Latent Class Analysis. Based on data from the latest available national French Household Budget Survey, our analysis focuses on individuals from households in which at least one member undertook a trip, allowing both participants and non-participants within travel-active households to be considered. Multinomial regression models are then used to assess how socio-economic and demographic characteristics shape class membership, with interaction terms examining gendered leisure constraints within a life course perspective. The findings demonstrate that gendered participation patterns emerge through household arrangements and unequal resource distributions, rather than reflecting uniform gender effects at the individual level.