ROLE OF TAKRA (BUTTERMILK) IN THE PREVENTION OF OSTEOPOROSIS AND OSTEOPENIA IN KNOWN CASES OF GRAHANI: A REVIEW

Grahani Roga is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by impairment of Agni resulting in defective digestion, absorption, and assimilation of nutrients. Persistent Agni Dushti leads to formation of Ama, Srotorodha, and Dhatu Kshaya, ultimately affecting Asthi Dhatu and predisposing individuals to osteopenia and osteoporosis.[1,2] Ayurveda emphasizes the physiological relationship between Purisha Dhara Kala and Asthi Dhara Kala, suggesting a close association between gut health and bone metabolism. Takra is widely described in Ayurvedic classics as an effective therapeutic dietary preparation in Grahani due to its Deepana, Pachana, Grahi, and Tridosha-balancing properties.[3,4] Takra possesses Madhura, Amla, and Kashaya Rasa and acts as a natural probiotic capable of improving gut microbiota, enhancing nutrient absorption, reducing systemic inflammation, and promoting tissue nourishment. Recent scientific evidence also highlights the role of probiotics and fermented dairy products in improving bone mineral density through modulation of the gut bone axis.[5-10] This review article aims to critically analyze the role of Takra in prevention of osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients suffering from Grahani by integrating Ayurvedic principles with modern scientific concepts.