Bile acids and nanotechnology as emerging platforms for drug delivery

Introduction Drugs are generally classified according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) based on their solubility and intestinal permeability. Group I drugs tend to have higher bioavailability due to their high solubility and permeability. Drugs in group II have low solubility and high permeability, while drugs in group III have high solubility and low permeability. Drugs in group IV have low bioavailability and require various techniques to enhance their delivery due to their low solubility and permeability.Areas covered Bile acids are commonly known as biological molecules with surfactant capabilities and continue to be underutilized in enhancing the pharmaceutical profile of drugs. Hence, this review will explore some of the common drug delivery methods and will focus on the use of bile acids and various applications of nanotechnology to enhance drug delivery, including lipid nanotechnology, as well as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. The authors aim to provide more insights into drug delivery research and contribute to the development of novel drug delivery strategies.Method A literature search was conducted using ProQuest and PubMed, covering publications up to 10 years. Older references were included as appropriate.