Clinical ethical practice and associated factors among health professionals in public hospitals in addis ababa, Ethiopia

Clinical ethical practice involves applying moral reasoning and ethical principles to routine patient care decisions, ensuring that healthcare professionals act honorably, respectfully, and responsibly. This study aimed to assess clinical ethical practice and associated factors among health professionals in public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. An institution‑based cross‑sectional study was conducted from August 15 to September 15, 2025, among 372 health professionals selected through simple random sampling from four public hospitals. Data were collected using self‑administered questionnaires which were adapted from existing literature. Analyses were performed using STATA version 15.1. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. Variables with p < 0.25 in bivariable logistic regression were entered into multivariable logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. A total of 372 health professionals participated, yielding a 100% response rate. The magnitude of favorable knowledge, attitude, and practice of clinical ethics among participants was 61.7% (95% CI: 56.7–66.7), 50.5% (95% CI: 45.4–55.6), and 50.5% (95% CI: 45.4–55.6), respectively. In multivariable logistic regression, higher monthly salary (AOR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.49–7.58), ethics training (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.11–3.75), and favorable knowledge (AOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.15–3.80) were positively associated with ethical practice, whereas longer work experience was negatively associated (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.23–0.88). Clinical ethical practice among health professionals was moderate, with nearly half lacking favorable knowledge, attitudes, and practice. Work experience, salary, training, and knowledge were significant determinants. Strengthening ethics education, continuous professional development, and institutional support is essential to enhance ethical adherence.