IoT and blockchain technologies-enabled cross-chain verification for secure and smart healthcare system using SDE-HMAC

Abstract In order to enhance data management operations and data security, Healthcare (HC) systems have increasingly adopted Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain (BC) technologies in recent years. Nevertheless, prior work has failed to address cross-chain verification for patient data sharing between BCs, leading to difficulties in accessing patient data and potential data mismatches. The process of securely validating and synchronising HC data across multiple independent BC networks is referred to as cross-chain verification. Hence, this paper proposes an IoT- and BC-enabled secure and smart Healthcare System (HCS) through efficient cross-chain verification using Spectral Dispersion Entropy Hash-based Message Authentication Code (SDE-HMAC). Primarily, patients and doctors register in their independent BC network. During registration, their quasi-identifiers are privacy-preserved and stored in the respective BC networks. Once the patient's login is successful, data is collected from the patient’s IoT devices while preserving privacy. After that, the data are stored in BC by creating a Message Authentication Code (MAC) using SDE-HMAC. In the meantime, the doctor requests access to patient data through a login and a MAC creation. Now, among independent BC networks, cross-chain bridge creation and verification are performed. After successful verification, intrusions in patients’ data are detected using the Zoneout Gated Fourier Recurrent Unit (ZGFRU) with 99.52% accuracy. Heart disease is concurrently detected in the patient's normal data. Eventually, in BC, the disease details are stored. Therefore, the proposed framework outperforms other approaches.