Reconfigurable Organic Phototransistor Array by Scalable Photolithography for Near-Infrared Image Sensing and Recognition

Organic phototransistors (OPTs) have attracted considerable attention for constructing advanced artificial vision systems due to their mechanical flexibility, solution processability, and tunable optoelectronic functions. Nonetheless, fabricating large-scale OPT arrays that combine highly sensitive near-infrared (NIR) photodetection and retina-like dynamic photomemory functions remains a significant challenge. Herein, we demonstrate reconfigurable NIR OPTs based on a simple semiconductor heterojunction design, achieving a responsivity of up to 3.82 × 10 3 A W –1 and a detectivity of up to 7.90 × 10 14 Jones. By changing the gate bias, the OPTs can be reversibly switched between a photodetection mode and a dynamic photomemory mode, offering adaptability for diverse application scenarios. Furthermore, we fabricate a high-density OPT array (6500 units cm –2 ) with excellent uniformity via modified organic semiconductor-compatible photolithography to address the solvent compatibility issue of organic semiconductors, demonstrating a scalable pathway toward future organic electronic applications. As a proof of concept, the array is applied in two distinct configurations: the photodetection mode enables precise NIR pattern imaging, while its photomemory mode is employed to construct an in-sensor reservoir computing system for efficient image recognition. This work provides a promising device platform for the development of high-performance, dual-mode NIR artificial vision systems with integrated sensing and processing capabilities.