Prediction of magnetic field-dependent hysteresis of magnetorheological elastomers using projection function

This study proposes an accurate prediction method of the magnetic field-dependent hysteresis which is inherently generated in several smart materials including magnetorheological elastomer (MRE). The existing hysteresis models are often intricate and exhibit inadequate accuracy, resulting in high computational demands. A hysteresis model with enhanced accuracy and efficiency is developed to predict the field-dependent hysteresis behaviour of MREs. The modelling framework includes three main steps: parameter identification, testing, and validation. The proposed model is formulated using luz(…) projection function (PF), and its parameters are identified through manta ray foraging optimisation (MRFO). These identified parameters are subsequently expressed as functions of magnetic flux densities ( B ) and utilised to test and validate the model under various B conditions. It is shown that, with two equations and a single input, B , the model achieves the average relative error of < 2% across all modelling stages. These findings suggest that the proposed model has potential as a relatively simple modelling framework with promising predictive capability in capturing the SSH behaviour of MREs.