Enhancing Vernacular architecture in Siwa Oasis, Egypt.

Abstract- Siwa Oasis exemplifies an ancient town undergoing significant transformation during the past decade. The oasis has markedly grown in recent years, although its old urban areas have diminished in functional value.Despite Siwa's distinctive cultural and natural legacy, together with its fascinating history, it does not have a prominent place on Egypt's tourism map; however, visitors spend millions of dollars to enjoy a peaceful lifestyle. So The main aim of this paper is to examine and analyze the key factors that define Siwa a tourist destination, investigate the urban landscape of the oasis to comprehend the connection between the built environment and its inhabitants as two fundamental components of the landscape, and enhance the construction of residential buildings in Siwa through the integration of modern construction techniques and sustainability requirements. Smart and nano materials are high-performance thermal insulation materials that can be utilized to create unique solutions in the skins of buildings when space is constrained. Because they are compatible with historic structures and have thin insulation thicknesses, they are most frequently used in historic buildings. In order to protect cultural heritage and reduce operational and embodied emissions of our building stock by extending the life expectancy and energy efficiency of existing buildings, it is crucial to integrate historic buildings with smart materials. This will also make it easier for planners and heritage offices to apply these materials in the future