Modelling of equilibrium growth and sustainable development in Kazakhstan’s financial and insurance activities

Abstract This study introduces a computational framework designed to reveal equilibrium states and development in Kazakhstan’s financial and insurance activities by examining the interaction of transactions across processing sectors and internal and external ecosystems. The approach combines supply–demand equalization with input–output modelling based on OECD data, offering a structured method for identifying hidden tensions and imbalances within sectoral flows. The research first develops an equilibrium model for produce/selling and purchase/buying transactions. This model allows the detection of undervalued and overvalued phases, the classification of feasible equilibrium states, and the identification of periods where excesses and/or deficit within processing-sector interactions. Further research develops on the internal ecosystem, where payment flows and final demand transactions are analyzed as a unified system of economic agents. By tracking their equilibrium dynamics, the study uncovers intervals of structural in-consistency and shifts in transactional stability, that to necessary of the provided equalization of flows in the internal ecosystem sectors. Thirdly the research targets the external ecosystem sectors transactions, examining import and export flows through supply and demand functions. This makes it possible to identify systemic vulnerabilities and to classify external imbalances that influence national financial sustainability. Finally, these obtained results and conclusions are the novelty in the computational modeling of equilibrium growth and sustainable development in the processing sectors and ecosystems. The findings demonstrate that integrating mathematical programming, operations research, and dynamic modelling helps enhance resource allocation and supports more sustainable development of Kazakhstan’s financial and insurance sectors. The proposed framework can serve as a decision support tool for policymakers seeking to strengthen economic stability and reduce hidden inefficiencies across interconnected ecosystems.