BLE-Based Smart Attendance System Utilizing Web Bluetooth API and Flask Server

This study proposes a browser-based Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) attendance system tailored for educational institutions operating within a local network environment. The architecture integrates a Flask backend server, a student interface empowered by the Web Bluetooth API, an administrative dashboard, and a classroom display page. Distinct from traditional attendance methods relying on signatures, RFID cards, or biometrics, our framework uses dynamically generated session-specific UUIDs broadcast over BLE advertisements. Students record attendance by connecting to these broadcasts via supported web browsers, eliminating the need for dedicated native applications. The system emphasizes minimizing proxy attendance, reducing hardware dependencies, and enabling real-time attendance monitoring. Unique session UUIDs are generated for each class period and authenticated by the Flask server to ensure submission validity. Device-based restrictions prevent multiple attendance submissions from the same device per session. Administrative features include attendance report exports, manual record entries, and instant session resets. Our implementation demonstrates that lightweight browser technologies combined with BLE communications can produce an effective, low-cost attendance management solution suitable for diverse academic settings including classrooms, laboratories, and training workshops.