Perioperative Anaphylactic Shock Induced by Rocuronium: A Case Report Observed in the Operating Room

Perioperative anaphylactic shock is a rare but potentially fatal complication of general anesthesia. Neuromuscular blocking agents, particularly rocuronium, are among the most frequently implicated pharmacological agents. We report the case of a 42-year-old man with no known allergic history who developed severe anaphylactic shock a few minutes after anesthetic induction for surgical fixation of an intra-articular elbow fracture. The diagnosis was confirmed by a significant elevation of plasma tryptase levels and later by specialized allergy testing. The clinical course was favorable following intensive management, including oxygen therapy with 100% FiO₂, intravenous epinephrine, and advanced resuscitative measures. This case highlights the importance of early recognition, aggressive management, and systematic allergological investigation to prevent re-exposure.