Unpacking the Influence of Strategic Entrepreneurial Orientation and Digital-first Mindset on Firm Performance: Competitive Pressure as a Moderator

This study investigates the effect of strategic entrepreneurial orientation (SEO) and a digital-first mindset (DFM) on firm performance, as well as the mediating role of the DFM. It further explores the moderating effect of competitive pressure on the relationship between SEO and DFM, hypothesising that higher levels of competitive pressure may strengthen this relationship. Using a mixed-method approach, which included field surveys and elite interviews conducted in the United Arab Emirates, the study finds that SEO positively influences a DFM, which in turn significantly improves firm performance. Quantitative analysis revealed that a DFM mediates the relationship between SEO and firm performance, while competitive pressure does not exert a significant moderating effect. However, the qualitative data suggest that all the hypotheses are supported, and that competitive pressure has a partial role in the SEO and DFM relationship. The findings offer critical insights for managers, aiming to optimise performance in increasingly competitive markets.