Effect of toothbrush monofilaments containing surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer filler (S-PRG) on remineralization of bovine enamel

Purpose This in vitro study evaluated the effect of a toothbrush monofilament containing surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler on the remineralization of artificially demineralized bovine enamel. Methods Toothbrushes containing 0, 10, or 20 wt% S-PRG filler were immersed in Hanks’ balanced salt solution (HBSS), and pH was measured. Bovine enamel blocks were demineralized (pH 3.38) for 7 days, brushed with each toothbrush under standardized pressure (150–200 g) for 30 min, and then immersed in remineralization solution (pH 7.0) for 7 days. Surface morphology was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc test ( P < 0.05). Results Immersion of S-PRG-containing toothbrushes significantly increased HBSS pH compared with the control ( P < 0.001). SEM observations revealed roughened enamel surfaces and prism disruption in the control group, whereas smoother surfaces were observed in the 10 and 20 wt% groups. A high-density superficial layer suggesting mineral deposition was observed in the 20 wt% group. Conclusions S-PRG-containing toothbrush monofilaments demonstrated alkalizing effects and improved enamel surface morphology in vitro. These findings suggest potential benefits for enamel remineralization and caries prevention in pediatric patients.