Evaluation of beam properties using a checkerboard masking configuration at the NNBI test stand BATMAN Upgrade

Negative ion based neutral beam injection (NBI) systems will be used for heating and current drive at the ITER tokamak and require stringent beam quality. Including a beamlet core divergence of less than 7 mrad and high uniformity across individual beamlets (better than 90%), at extracted current densities of 329 A/m2 for hydrogen and 286 A/m2 for deuterium. The BATMAN Upgrade (BUG) test facility, a 1/8 scale ITER source, is used to investigate and optimize these beam properties. Beamlet divergence and uniformity at BUG test facility are measured using a retractable Carbon Fiber Composite (CFC) calorimeter. However, under standard operation (with all 70 apertures open), strong beamlet overlap prevents the extraction of single-beamlet divergences from the CFC data. To overcome this limitation, a checkerboard masking configuration was implemented. This masking, combined with a multi-Gaussian model allows to obtain beamlet properties, including size, shape, and intensity along the whole extraction area. The experimental methodology and data analysis techniques are presented in detail. Their capabilities are showcased by presenting measurements performed at BUG under different configurations of the magnetic filter field (drift-up and drift-down conditions) and for both hydrogen and deuterium operation.

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Publication Details

Journal
Fusion Engineering and Design
Published
2026-08-21
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2026.116017
Primary Topic
Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Evaluation of beam properties using a checkerboard masking configuration at the NNBI test stand BATMAN Upgrade

Christian Wimmer, Araceli Navarro, Eleni Nanou, D. Wünderlich et al.
Fusion Engineering and Design
Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
article

Evaluation of beam properties using a checkerboard masking configuration at the NNBI test stand BATMAN Upgrade

Christian Wimmer, Araceli Navarro, Eleni Nanou, D. Wünderlich, U. Fantz, Michael Barnes
article en

Abstract

Negative ion based neutral beam injection (NBI) systems will be used for heating and current drive at the ITER tokamak and require stringent beam quality. Including a beamlet core divergence of less than 7 mrad and high uniformity across individual beamlets (better than 90%), at extracted current densities of 329 A/m2 for hydrogen and 286 A/m2 for deuterium. The BATMAN Upgrade (BUG) test facility, a 1/8 scale ITER source, is used to investigate and optimize these beam properties. Beamlet divergence and uniformity at BUG test facility are measured using a retractable Carbon Fiber Composite (CFC) calorimeter. However, under standard operation (with all 70 apertures open), strong beamlet overlap prevents the extraction of single-beamlet divergences from the CFC data. To overcome this limitation, a checkerboard masking configuration was implemented. This masking, combined with a multi-Gaussian model allows to obtain beamlet properties, including size, shape, and intensity along the whole extraction area. The experimental methodology and data analysis techniques are presented in detail. Their capabilities are showcased by presenting measurements performed at BUG under different configurations of the magnetic filter field (drift-up and drift-down conditions) and for both hydrogen and deuterium operation.

Fusion Engineering and DesignVol. 232
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (DE)
EUROfusion, European Commission
Openalex Percentile: Top 22%
Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
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