Real-Vehicle Electromagnetic Compatibility Evaluation of V2X Communication Equipment

This paper presents a real-vehicle electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) evaluation method for dual-mode vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems supporting WAVE and LTE-V2X. Unlike conventional EMC tests that are limited to assessing regulatory compliance, the proposed method quantifies the effects of electromagnetic interference on communication quality based on packet error rate (PER), latency, and throughput. A dual-mode V2X module comprising an 8-layer printed circuit board and a software stack was tested under DSRC, C-V2X, and GNSS conditions in accordance with EN 301 standards. The results confirm full compliance with emission limits and robust immunity, maintaining 0% PER and stable performance even at 30 V/m. Compared with single-mode systems, the proposed dual-mode design demonstrates superior resilience, offering a performance-centric framework for EMC validation of future autonomous and cooperative driving applications.