Overview of oleic acid epoxidation via the Prileschajew reaction and hydroxylation process

Abstract Oleic acid epoxidation via the Prileschajew reaction using peracid oxidation and subsequent hydroxylation with oleic acid has gained significant attention as a sustainable route for producing dihydroxystearic acid (DHSA) and polyols. In this process, the oxirane ring undergoes hydrolysis with water to yield DHSA, while alcoholysis with alcohol leads to polyol formation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epoxidation mechanism, emphasizing oxirane ring formation and its conversion into hydroxyl derivatives. Key factors affecting epoxidation efficiency and product yield, including reaction conditions, catalyst selection, and process optimization, are critically analyzed. The role of hydrolysis in DHSA formation and alcoholysis in polyol synthesis is also discussed. This process supports the growing demand for renewable alternatives to petrochemical‐based resources, offering advantages such as biodegradability and industrial versatility.